Awake tracheal intubation has a high success rate and a favourable safety profifile but is underused in cases of anticipated diffificult airway management. These guidelines are a comprehensive document to support decisionmaking, preparation and practical performance of awake tracheal intubation. We performed a systematic review of the literature seeking all of the available evidence for each element of awake tracheal intubation in order to make recommendations. In the absence of high-quality evidence, expert consensus and a Delphi study were used to formulate recommendations. We highlight key areas of awake tracheal intubation in which specifific recommendations were made, which included: indications; procedural setup; checklists; oxygenation; airway topicalisation; sedation; verifification of tracheal tube position; complications; management of unsuccessful awake tracheal intubation; post-tracheal intubation management; consent; and training. We recognise that there are a range of techniques and regimens that may be effective and one such example technique is included. Breaking down the key practical elements of awake tracheal intubation into sedation, topicalisation, oxygenation and performance might help practitioners to plan, perform and address complications. These guidelines aim to support clinical practice and help lower the threshold for performing awake tracheal intubation when indicated.

清醒气管插管具有较高的成功率和有利的安全性，但在预期的弥散性气道管理病例中使用不足。这些指南是支持清醒气管插管决策、准备和实际性能的综合文件。我们对文献进行了系统性综述，寻求清醒气管插管每个要素的所有可用证据，以提出建议。在缺乏高质量证据的情况下，采用专家共识和 Delphi 研究制定建议。我们强调了清醒气管插管的关键领域，其中提出了具体建议，包括：适应症；手术设置；检查表；氧合；气道局部化；镇静；气管插管位置验证；并发症；清醒气管插管不成功的管理；气管插管后管理；同意；和培训。我们认识到，有一系列技术和方案可能有效，并纳入了此类示例技术。将清醒气管插管的关键实践要素分为镇静、局部化、氧合和性能可能有助于执业医师计划、执行和解决并发症。这些指南旨在支持临床实践，并帮助降低有指征时进行清醒气管插管的阈值。