Codeveloped by the American Heart Association and the American Red Cross, these guidelines represent the first comprehensive update of first aid treatment recommendations since 2010. Incorporating the results of structured evidence reviews from the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation, these guidelines cover first aid treatment for critical and common medical, traumatic, environmental, and toxicological conditions. This update emphasizes the continuous evolution of evidence evaluation and the necessity of adapting educational strategies to local needs and diverse community demographics. Existing guidelines remain relevant unless specifically updated in this publication. Key topics that are new, are substantially revised, or have significant new literature include opioid overdose, bleeding control, open chest wounds, spinal motion restriction, hypothermia, frostbite, presyncope, anaphylaxis, snakebite, oxygen administration, and the use of pulse oximetry in first aid, with the inclusion of pediatric-specific guidance as warranted.

这些指南由美国心脏协会和美国红十字会共同制定，是自2010年以来首次全面更新的急救治疗建议。这些准则结合了国际复苏联络委员会结构化证据审查的结果，涵盖了危重和常见医疗、创伤、环境和毒理学状况的急救治疗。这一更新强调了证据评估的不断发展，以及使教育战略适应当地需求和不同社区人口结构的必要性。除非在本出版物中特别更新，否则现有指南仍然适用。新的、经过实质性修订的或有重要新文献的关键主题包括阿片类药物过量、出血控制、胸部开放性伤口、脊柱运动限制、体温过低、冻伤、晕厥前期、过敏反应、蛇咬伤、给氧和急救中脉搏血氧仪的使用，必要时还包括儿科特定指导。