Objectives: Research supports cognitive behavioral therapies for nightmares (CBT-N) in adults. However, the nuances of implementation and unstandardized nomenclature for treatment components has created confusion in the field. To provide clarification, an expert consensus panel convened to review treatment manual components and to develop guidelines for the standardized implementation and terminology of CBT-N. The aims of this paper are to report on the expert panel recommendations.

Methods: A literature review was conducted for nightmare treatment manuals that have been tested in randomized clinical trials with adults. the panel of experts evaluated the content and the main controversies regarding treatment components. The panel then established recommended treatment guidelines based on the literature and clinical experience.

Results: Recommendations pertain to which patient symptom presentations are appropriate for CBT-N and considerations for implementing treatment components including session length, relaxation training, stimulus control, sleep efficiency training, sleep hygiene, nightmare exposure, nightmare rescripting, and imagery rehearsal of rescripted dreams. The panel evaluated treatment components to inform the development of a consensus CBT-N treatment manual.

Conclusions: Using a comprehensive treatment manual based on expert recommendations will not only help disseminate nightmare treatment but also advance the field by providing clarity. These recommendations are based on the status of the field and will need to be revised to incorporate developing research evidence in nightmare treatment.

目的：研究支持成人噩梦的认知行为疗法（CBT-N）。然而，实现的细微差别和治疗组件的不标准化命名在该领域造成了混乱。为了提供澄清，召集了一个专家共识小组，审查治疗手册的组成部分，并制定CBT-N的标准化实施和术语指南。本文的目的是报告专家小组的建议。

方法：对经成人随机临床试验检验的恶梦治疗手册进行文献回顾。专家小组评估了治疗成分的内容和主要争议。然后，该小组根据文献和临床经验制定了推荐的治疗指南。

结果：建议哪些患者的症状表现适合CBT-N，并考虑实施治疗的组成部分，包括疗程长度、放松训练、刺激控制、睡眠效率训练、睡眠卫生、噩梦暴露、噩梦重新描述和重新描述的梦的意象排练。该小组评估了治疗成分，为制定共识性CBT-N治疗手册提供信息。

结论：使用基于专家建议的综合治疗手册不仅有助于传播噩梦治疗，而且通过提供清晰度推动了该领域的发展。这些建议是基于该领域的现状，需要进行修订，以纳入噩梦治疗的发展研究证据。