Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography is used with increasing frequency in cardiac surgery for monitoring and diagnostic purposes. Recent data have shown the impact of improved outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and the use of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography in managing complex surgical decisions. However, specialty society recommendations have not been updated to reflect these trends. This scientific statement reviews the state-of-the-art practice of intraoperative echocardiography, summarizes the association of the use of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography with enhanced outcomes, and provides specific perioperative and procedural transesophageal echocardiography considerations in the cardiac surgical population.

术中经食管超声心动图（TEE）在心脏手术中的监测与诊断应用日益广泛。最新证据表明，TEE的应用不仅可改善心脏手术患者的预后，更能辅助制定复杂手术决策。然而，现有专业学会指南尚未更新以反映这一趋势。本科学声明旨在：阐述术中超声心动图的最佳实践标准；总结TEE应用与患者预后改善的关联性；提出针对心脏手术人群的围术期TEE操作规范及考量要点。